See pugnar on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pugnāre",
"pugno#Latin"
],
[
"punyar",
"punyar#Catalan"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "pugnō",
"4": "pugnāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin pugnāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "punyar"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of punyar",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pugnāre. Doublet of punyar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugno",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugní",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnat",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ca-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnada",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnats",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàvem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàveu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaràs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnareu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugní",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàrem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàreu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaries",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnessis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéssim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéssiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnessin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugnis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugnin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugnar (first-person singular present pugno, first-person singular preterite pugní, past participle pugnat)",
"name": "ca-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ca-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fight"
],
"id": "en-pugnar-ca-verb-I7ao85nd",
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"exert (oneself)"
],
"id": "en-pugnar-ca-verb-stD2wbaH",
"links": [
[
"exert",
"exert"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[puŋˈna]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern",
"Northwestern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puŋˈnaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "pugnar"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugno",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnei",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pt-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarmos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnardes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnando",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnados",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnada",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnavas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnávamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáveis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnavam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnei",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnou",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnámos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnastes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáramos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáreis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarei",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarás",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnará",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaremos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnareis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarão",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarias",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríeis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnariam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnássemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnásseis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnassem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarmos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnardes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugneis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugnar (first-person singular present pugno, first-person singular preterite pugnei, past participle pugnado)",
"name": "pt-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pug",
"nar"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -ar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 60 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 81 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 83 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 54 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 58 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fight (engage in physical conflict)"
],
"id": "en-pugnar-pt-verb-Zk9hUScq",
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brigar"
},
{
"word": "lutar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.ɡiˈna(h)]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puɡˈna(h)]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ɾ)/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ɾ)/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.ɡiˈna(χ)]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puɡˈna(χ)]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ɻ)/",
"tags": [
"Caipira"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ɻ)/",
"tags": [
"Caipira"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈnaɾ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puɣˈnaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna.ɾi/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"word": "pugnar"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*pewǵ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pewǵ-#Proto-Indo-European:_punch"
],
[
"*puǵnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/puǵnos"
],
[
"*pugnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pugnos#Proto-Italic:_fist"
],
[
"pugnus",
"pugnus#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"pugnāre",
"pugno#Latin"
],
[
"pugnāre",
"pugno#Latin"
],
[
"puñar",
"puñar#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:pugnō<alt:pugnāre>",
"doublet": "puñar",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.\nProto-Indo-European *puǵnos\nProto-Italic *pugnos\nLatin pugnus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin pugnāreder.\nSpanish pugnar\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"pugnāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"fist\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fist\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"punch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pewǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*puǵnos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*pugnos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pugnus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pugnō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"pugnar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"pugnar\">\nDerived from Latin pugnāre. Doublet of puñar.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:pugnō<alt:pugnāre>",
"doublet": "puñar",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.\nProto-Indo-European *puǵnos\nProto-Italic *pugnos\nLatin pugnus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin pugnāreder.\nSpanish pugnar\nDerived from Latin pugnāre. Doublet of puñar.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.\nProto-Indo-European *puǵnos\nProto-Italic *pugnos\nLatin pugnus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin pugnāreder.\nSpanish pugnar\nDerived from Latin pugnāre. Doublet of puñar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugno",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugné",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "es-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnando",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnada",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnados",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnás",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"vos-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnabas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnábamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnabais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaban",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugné",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnó",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasteis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaron",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarás",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnará",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaremos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaréis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarán",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaría",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarías",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaría",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarían",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"vos-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáramos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnases",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnásemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaseis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáremos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnareis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugná",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"second-person",
"singular",
"vos-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "es-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaros",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarlo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaros",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarlos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarlas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándome",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándole",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándoles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándome",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándolo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándola",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándolos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándolas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnales",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnalos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnalas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "pugname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnales",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnalos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnalas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "púgneme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnele",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgneles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgneme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnelo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnela",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnelos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnelas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémosle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémosles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoslo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémosla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoslos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoslas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadlo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadlos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadlas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnennos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnense",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenlo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnennos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenlos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenlas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnense",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugnar (first-person singular present pugno, first-person singular preterite pugné, past participle pugnado)",
"name": "es-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pug‧nar"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pug‧nar"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "es-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish verbs ending in -ar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to struggle; fight"
],
"id": "en-pugnar-es-verb-NkUVY3iM",
"links": [
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish verbs ending in -ar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
69,
74
]
],
"ref": "1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page VIII:",
"text": "El pueblo […] acepta sin trabajo lo que está habituado a oir, aunque pugne con sus convicciones, a trueque no enredarse en argumentaciones molestas que no le interesan y que tampoco está seguro de saber formular con acierto.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to conflict"
],
"id": "en-pugnar-es-verb-HaYyLprJ",
"links": [
[
"conflict",
"conflict"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈnaɾ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[puɣ̞ˈnaɾ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɾ"
}
],
"word": "pugnar"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan doublets",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan first conjugation verbs",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pugnāre",
"pugno#Latin"
],
[
"punyar",
"punyar#Catalan"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "pugnō",
"4": "pugnāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin pugnāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "punyar"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of punyar",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pugnāre. Doublet of punyar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugno",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugní",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnat",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ca-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnada",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnats",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàvem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàveu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaràs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnareu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugní",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàrem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnàreu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaries",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnessis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéssim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéssiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnessin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugnis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugneu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no pugnin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugnar (first-person singular present pugno, first-person singular preterite pugní, past participle pugnat)",
"name": "ca-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ca-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fight"
],
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"exert (oneself)"
],
"links": [
[
"exert",
"exert"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[puŋˈna]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern",
"Northwestern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puŋˈnaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "pugnar"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugno",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnei",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pt-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"infinitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarmos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"infinitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnardes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnando",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnados",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnada",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnavas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnávamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáveis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnavam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnei",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnou",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnámos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnastes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáramos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáreis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarei",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarás",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnará",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaremos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnareis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarão",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarias",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríeis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnariam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugneis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnássemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnásseis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnassem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarmos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnardes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugneis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "não pugnem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugnar (first-person singular present pugno, first-person singular preterite pugnei, past participle pugnado)",
"name": "pt-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pug",
"nar"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verbs",
"Portuguese verbs ending in -ar"
],
"glosses": [
"to fight (engage in physical conflict)"
],
"links": [
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brigar"
},
{
"word": "lutar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.ɡiˈna(h)]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puɡˈna(h)]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ɾ)/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ɾ)/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.ɡiˈna(χ)]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ʁ)/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puɡˈna(χ)]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.ɡiˈna(ɻ)/",
"tags": [
"Caipira"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna(ɻ)/",
"tags": [
"Caipira"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈnaɾ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[puɣˈnaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈna.ɾi/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"word": "pugnar"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ",
"Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish verbs",
"Spanish verbs ending in -ar"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*pewǵ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pewǵ-#Proto-Indo-European:_punch"
],
[
"*puǵnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/puǵnos"
],
[
"*pugnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pugnos#Proto-Italic:_fist"
],
[
"pugnus",
"pugnus#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"pugnāre",
"pugno#Latin"
],
[
"pugnāre",
"pugno#Latin"
],
[
"puñar",
"puñar#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:pugnō<alt:pugnāre>",
"doublet": "puñar",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.\nProto-Indo-European *puǵnos\nProto-Italic *pugnos\nLatin pugnus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin pugnāreder.\nSpanish pugnar\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"pugnāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"fist\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fist\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"punch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pewǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*puǵnos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*pugnos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pugnus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pugnō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"pugnar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"pugnar\">\nDerived from Latin pugnāre. Doublet of puñar.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:pugnō<alt:pugnāre>",
"doublet": "puñar",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.\nProto-Indo-European *puǵnos\nProto-Italic *pugnos\nLatin pugnus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin pugnāreder.\nSpanish pugnar\nDerived from Latin pugnāre. Doublet of puñar.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.\nProto-Indo-European *puǵnos\nProto-Italic *pugnos\nLatin pugnus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin pugnāreder.\nSpanish pugnar\nDerived from Latin pugnāre. Doublet of puñar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugno",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugné",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "es-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnando",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnado",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnada",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnados",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnás",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"vos-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnabas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnábamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnabais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaban",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugné",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnó",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasteis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaron",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarás",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnará",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaremos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaréis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarán",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaría",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarías",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaría",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríamos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaríais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarían",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"vos-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáramos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnases",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnásemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaseis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnasen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"imperfect-se",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnáremos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnareis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugná",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"second-person",
"singular",
"vos-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnemos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnéis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "es-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaros",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarlo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaros",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarlos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarlas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnarse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"infinitive",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándome",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándole",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándoles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándome",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándolo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándola",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándolos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándolas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnándose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"gerund",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnales",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnalos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnalas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-tú"
]
},
{
"form": "pugname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnales",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugname",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnanos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnalos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnalas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-vos"
]
},
{
"form": "púgneme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnele",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgneles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgneme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnelo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnela",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnelos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnelas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémosle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémosles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoslo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémosla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémonos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoslos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnémoslas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadlo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadnos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnaos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadlos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnadlas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"imperative",
"informal",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnennos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnense",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"combined-form",
"dative",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenlo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenla",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-singular",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnennos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-first-person",
"object-plural",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-second-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenlos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnenlas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "púgnense",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"combined-form",
"formal",
"imperative",
"object-plural",
"object-third-person",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugnar (first-person singular present pugno, first-person singular preterite pugné, past participle pugnado)",
"name": "es-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pug‧nar"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pug‧nar"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "es-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to struggle; fight"
],
"links": [
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for translations of Spanish quotations",
"Spanish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
69,
74
]
],
"ref": "1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page VIII:",
"text": "El pueblo […] acepta sin trabajo lo que está habituado a oir, aunque pugne con sus convicciones, a trueque no enredarse en argumentaciones molestas que no le interesan y que tampoco está seguro de saber formular con acierto.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to conflict"
],
"links": [
[
"conflict",
"conflict"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/puɡˈnaɾ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[puɣ̞ˈnaɾ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɾ"
}
],
"word": "pugnar"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pugnar meaning in All languages combined (54.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.